Complete Guide on Folic Acid and Hair Loss

Quick Summary

• What is Folic Acid? Folic acid, also known as vitamin B9, is a water-soluble vitamin essential for the body at a cellular level, which includes DNA production, cell growth, and red blood cell production. It supports overall health, including hair growth.
• How Does Folic Acid Affect Hair Growth? Folic acid helps produce healthy red blood cells, which deliver oxygen and nutrients to hair follicles. Deficiency can impair cell division, slow hair growth, and lead to hair thinning or loss. 
• Can Folic Acid Treat Hair Loss? While folic acid supports hair health, research is limited on its effectiveness as a standalone treatment for hair loss. It works best in conjunction with other nutrients through a balanced diet to promote overall hair health.
• What are the Sources of Folic Acid? Folic acid is found in leafy greens, citrus fruits, legumes, fortified cereals, and supplements. A balanced diet or supplementation can help maintain adequate levels.

Hair loss is a widespread concern that affects millions of people globally. While genetics, hormonal changes, and lifestyle factors play significant roles in hair health, nutrition is also a critical component. One nutrient that has gained attention for its potential role in combating hair loss is folic acid. In this blog, we’ll explore what folic acid is, how it impacts hair health, and whether it can genuinely help with hair loss.

What is Folic Acid?

Folic acid, also known as vitamin B9 or folate, is a water-soluble vitamin essential for numerous bodily functions. It plays a key role in DNA synthesis, cell division, and the production of red blood cells. Folic acid is particularly important during periods of rapid growth, such as pregnancy, but it also contributes to the health of your skin, nails, and hair¹.

While folic acid is available in supplement form, it is also naturally found in foods such as leafy greens (spinach, kale), citrus fruits (oranges, lemons), beans, lentils, and fortified cereals. The natural chemical form of this vitamin is generally called folate, while supplements are called folic acid. Folate deficiency can lead to a range of health issues, including anaemia, fatigue, and potentially hair loss. Ensuring adequate intake of this vitamin is crucial for maintaining overall health and well-being.

Natural Vs Synthetic Folic Acid

In its natural form, found commonly in fruits and vegetables, this vitamin is known as ‘folate’. Synthetic forms added to fortified foods and supplements are known as ‘folic acid’.
These two forms are used in the body in different ways, including supporting cell growth and DNA production. 

Why Does Folic Acid Matter to Hair?

Folic acid is essential for maintaining healthy hair because it supports various biological processes that contribute to hair health and overall well-being. It enhances cell production, allowing hair follicles to grow and produce new strands. It is also essential in the synthesis of DNA, the repair of follicle cells, and the formation of red blood cells. 

This is crucial for ensuring a constant supply of oxygen and essential nutrients to the scalp. A lack of folic acid has been linked to hair thinning and premature greying. Folic acid, as a whole, is vital for stronger, shinier, and healthier-looking hair.

Function of Folic Acid in the Body

Folic acid is a vital nutrient that supports several critical functions in the body:

• DNA synthesis and repair: Folic acid is essential for the creation and repair of DNA, the genetic material in all cells². This is particularly important for rapidly dividing cells, such as those in hair follicles.
• Red blood cell production: Folic acid helps in the production of red blood cells, which transport oxygen throughout the body³. 
• Amino acid metabolism: Folic acid plays a role in the metabolism of amino acids, the building blocks of proteins. 
• Methylation Processes: Folic acid is involved in methylation, a biochemical process necessary for cell function². 

Can Folic Acid Deficiency Cause Hair Loss?

Yes, folic acid deficiency can cause hair loss due to its crucial role in aiding cell division, tissue growth, and hair growth, among other processes. 

Low folic acid levels result in slower growth rates of hair follicles, which can lead to thinning and eventual loss.

In more extreme conditions, a severe folic acid deficiency can cause megaloblastic anaemia. In this condition, large, underdeveloped red blood cells are unable to transport sufficient levels of oxygen to the scalp, which can exacerbate hair loss. 

Common Symptoms of Folic Acid Deficiency

• Fatigue 
• Pale skin
• Breathlessness
• Mouth sores 
• Cognitive problems like trouble with memory, sluggishness and brain fog 

Folic Acid and Hair Growth

Folic acid plays a crucial role in maintaining healthy hair growth, and its deficiency can potentially lead to hair-related issues.

• The effects of folic acid deficiency are similar to those of iron deficiency and low ferritin levels. When folate levels are low, the structure of red blood cells is altered, impairing their ability to transport adequate oxygen and nutrients throughout the body⁴. This can result in anaemia, a deficiency in healthy red blood cells that can lead to hair loss. 

• Low levels of folic acid can also slow down critical cellular processes, such as cell division, which hinders the growth of new cells. This means that new hair strands cannot be produced quickly enough to replace those that have fallen out or broken. Over time, chronic folic acid deficiency can lead to the death of hair cells, exacerbating hair loss. 

• Additionally, other vital cells in the scalp, such as oil-secreting cells and papilla cells, are affected by folic acid deficiency. These cells play a crucial role in maintaining scalp health, regulating the hair growth cycle, and supporting the production of new hairs⁵.

Despite the potential connections between folic acid and hair health, research establishing it as a direct treatment for hair growth remains limited. A 2017 study involving 52 adults with premature greying identified deficiencies in folic acid, vitamin B7 (biotin), and vitamin B12, suggesting a possible role for these nutrients in maintaining hair health⁶. 

However, the study did not conclusively demonstrate that folic acid alone can promote hair growth. While folic acid plays a role in supporting healthy hair, it is not a standalone solution for hair loss or growth. Instead, it works together with other nutrients to contribute to overall hair health. Additional controlled studies are needed to determine the specific effects of folic acid supplementation and whether it can be effectively used as part of a broader nutritional approach to address hair-related concerns.

Is Folic Acid alone enough to treat hair loss?

No, folic acid alone is not typically sufficient for treating hair loss. Although folic acid, also known as vitamin B9, promotes hair follicle health and growth, it cannot generate entirely new hair follicles and is not a standalone solution. 

Folic acid is also not entirely effective when combating genetics, hormonal imbalances and other medical conditions that contribute to hair loss. 

Folic acid works best in combination with other vitamins and nutrients in the body, such as biotin, iron, vitamin B12, and Vitamin D. These nutrients, combined with folic acid, are crucial to the growth, strength, and general health of hair follicles. 

What is the recommended daily dose of Folic Acid? 

Daily Needs:

The daily recommended dose of folic acid is 200 micrograms for anyone over the age of 11, which can usually be met by consuming a varied, balanced diet that includes good natural sources of folic acid.

Women of childbearing age or those trying to conceive may benefit from higher doses through supplementation to support pregnancy. This daily requirement starts at 400 micrograms, but your healthcare provider may increase it up to 5mg (5000 micrograms) depending on the risks of neural tube defects and other associated risks of folic acid deficiency.¹⁰

Sources of Folic Acid

Ensuring adequate intake of folic acid is essential for maintaining healthy hair and overall well-being. 

Natural Sources of Folic Acid

Folic acid is naturally found in a variety of foods, including:

• Leafy Greens: Spinach, kale, and collard greens are rich in folic acid.
• Citrus Fruits: Oranges, lemons, and grapefruits provide a good amount of this vitamin.
• Legumes, including beans, lentils, and chickpeas, are excellent sources of folic acid.
• Fortified Foods: Many cereals, breads, and pasta products are fortified with folic acid.
• Other sources of folic acid include avocados, broccoli, and Brussels sprouts.

Including these foods in your diet can help you meet your daily folic acid requirements naturally.

Folic Acid Supplements

For individuals who struggle to get enough folic acid from their diet, supplements can be an effective alternative. Folic acid supplements are widely available and can help address deficiencies that may contribute to hair loss. However, it’s important to consult a healthcare professional before starting any supplementation, as excessive intake can lead to side effects and may mask symptoms of other deficiencies, such as a vitamin B12 deficiency.

Can too much folic acid be bad for you?

In general, taking a bit more folic acid than the daily recommended dose won’t cause harm as it’s generally safe, according to the advice provided by the NHS⁹. However, like many other supplements, an overdose of folic acid could still lead to side effects in some individuals.

Although vitamins and minerals support overall health (and can play a role in healthy hair growth and function), more is not always better. Supplements are most helpful when a deficiency has been identified, and it’s important to avoid over-supplementing unless advised by a healthcare professional.

Side Effects of High-Dose Folic Acid Supplementation 

• Bloating/gas
• Nausea or anorexia
• Skin reactions, e.g. rashes or itching
• Very rarely, it can cause insomnia or irritability 

Something interesting to note: Increased folic acid levels may mask Vitamin B12 deficiency.

When folic acid levels are too high, it can mask the signs of a vitamin B12 deficiency⁷. Taking high-dose folic acid can sometimes mask the anaemia caused by vitamin B12 deficiency, making it harder to detect. While blood counts may appear to improve, an untreated B12 deficiency can still progress and lead to nerve damage. If you’re supplementing regularly (especially at higher doses), it’s sensible to speak with your GP about checking your B12 levels.

Symptoms of B12 deficiency include:

• Numbness and tingling in the hands and feet
• Memory problems, brain fog or confusion
• Balance and mobility issues

Over-the-counter supplements can sometimes contain very high doses of folic acid, and this may not be right for you. A balanced diet, healthy lifestyle and balanced supplementation are the best way to promote good overall health, which, in turn, will reflect on your hair health.

How long does folic acid take to help with hair issues?

If you are deficient in folic acid, it typically takes about two to three months of continuous supplementation (through diet or over-the-counter pills) for noticeable improvements in hair health and growth. The precise time can vary depending on the degree of deficiency, as well as other health factors. 

Should I consult a doctor before using folic acid for hair growth?

Absolutely. Before using any supplement, it is essential to check your current blood levels of folate and B12 to determine if supplementation is correct for you. Visit your local GP to rule out medical causes for your hair loss. If all blood levels are balanced, hair and scalp professionals, such as trichologists, dermatologists, and hair transplant surgeons, can further guide your hair restoration journey. 

Recommended Folic Acid Supplement Dose

The NHS recommends an intake of 200 micrograms (mcg) of folic acid per day for anyone over the age of 11. Pregnant women or individuals with specific health conditions may require higher doses, but a healthcare provider should always determine this.

Conclusion

While folic acid plays a significant role in supporting overall health, including hair growth, it is not a standalone solution for hair loss. Its importance lies in its ability to work synergistically with other nutrients to maintain healthy hair and scalp function. 

Research on folic acid as a direct treatment for hair growth is limited, and its benefits are best achieved when combined with a balanced diet or a comprehensive nutritional approach. If you’re experiencing hair loss or suspect a folic acid deficiency, consult certified healthcare professionals like those at The Treatment Rooms London for personalised advice and treatment options. Prioritising a nutrient-rich diet and addressing underlying deficiencies can help promote overall well-being, as well as support your journey towards healthier and lusher hair. 

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References

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5. Matsuzaki T, Yoshizato K. Role of hair papilla cells on induction and regeneration processes of hair follicles. Wound Repair Regen. 1998 Nov-Dec;6(6):524-30. Available at: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9893172/
6. Daulatabad D, Singal A, Grover C, Chhillar N. Prospective Analytical Controlled Study Evaluating Serum Biotin, Vitamin B12, and Folic Acid in Patients with Premature Canities. Int J Trichology. 2017 Jan-Mar;9(1):19-24. Available at: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5514791/
7. Miller JW, Smith A, Troen AM, Mason JB, Jacques PF, Selhub J. Excess Folic Acid and Vitamin B12 Deficiency: Clinical Implications? Food Nutr Bull. 2024 Jun;45(1_suppl):S67-S72. Available at: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38987872/
8. NHS. Vitamin B. Available at: https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/vitamins-and-minerals/vitamin-b/
9. NHS. How and when to take folic acid. Available at: https://www.nhs.uk/medicines/folic-acid/how-and-when-to-take-folic-acid/
10. NICE. BNF. Folic Acid. Available at: https://bnf.nice.org.uk/drugs/folic-acid/